Brazil as an emerging country needs a technological catch-up process either through own development or through transfer of technology to assure and extend its position on the international markets. Looking at transfer of technology, a product or a technology is normally designed to work properly in the context in which it was developed. It is often assumed that it could be reproduced or operated without major problems in another environment. However, this is not the case, and developments may suffer from failures, delays and/or cost overruns. Transferees of products/technologies are obliged to match the functions and assimilate, adapt and enhance upon the original technology. Based on this background, this PhD work introduces a strategy for nationalization and industrialization of high technology products called Technology Nationalization Framework (TNF).The objective of the TNF is to assure that certain lacking strategic technologies only available abroad are converted into a national product that can be designed, produced and operated in Brazil for a defined period of time at a minimum risk of being dependent on export bans or unavailability of components.The Technology Nationalization Framework is a strategy for nationalization of foreign technology due to reengineering with subsequent transfer into the national industry. It is a comprehensive systematic strategy that begins with the identification of strategic technologies in Brazil and continues with support for the decision making process for nationalization of these technologies. An evaluation of feasibility of development of national domain and subsequently its coordination and cooperation helps to stimulate the best use of resources and competencies available in Brazil.Design for Autonomy, an integrated product development tool within the TNF strategy, is a decision and design supporting tool that copes with high complexity and generates alternative views for a robust national design. This tool includes, among others, an analysis to identify critical elements and means for achieving their technological domain; Reverse engineering of the original product in order to obtain the technological know-how; and Forward engineering that includes the adaptation for the new Brazilian environment, stimulating improvements and added value.The application of the TNF fosters innovation and competitiveness in Brazil and ensures non-dependence of strategic technologies. The TNF is a balance between completely domestic/national development with intrinsically high cost, lead time and risk and blind implementation of technology transfer with risk of failure due to never-ending-projects, incomplete transfer, more expensive solutions and/or higher vulnerability to embargoes.In a pilot project the TNF is successfully being applied in the Brazilian space sector. The product to be nationalized, a Thrust Vector Control system, is a subsystem used for attitude control of satellite launch vehicles. The technology originates from the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and is transferred via the Brazilian Institute of Aeronautics and Space (DCTA/IAE) into the Brazilian industry.